Phunziro 10: Ulendo wa Ziyankhulo: Kuyenda-yenda mu Chingerezi
Phunziro Lachikhumi: "that" (ilo)
Gawo A (Mawu ndi Chingerezi ndi Chichewa)
10.1 The ilo tall lalitali boy mnyamata that amene won anapambana the ilo race mpikisano is ali my wanga brother m'bale
10.2 I ine saw ndinaona that ija bird mbalame in mu our wathu garden munda
10.3 They iwo told anauza me ine that kuti school sukulu starts imayamba tomorrow mawa
10.4 That ija red yofiira house nyumba belongs ndi ya to kwa my wanga uncle amalume
10.5 She iye believes amakhulupirira that kuti hard molimbika work ntchito leads imatsogolera to ku success kupambana
10.6 Can kodi you iwe see ukuona that ija star nyenyezi in pa the ilo sky thambo?
10.7 The ilo story nkhani that imene she iye wrote analemba won inapambana a ilo prize mphotho
10.8 Is kodi that ndi your yako new yatsopano bicycle njinga?
10.9 They iwo say amati that kuti it iyo will idza rain mvula today lero
10.10 The ilo food chakudya that chimene my amai mother anga cooks aphika is ndi delicious chokomera
Gawo B (Ziganizo Zonse za Chingerezi ndi Kutanthauzira Kwake)
10.1 The tall boy that won the race is my brother. Mnyamata wamtali amene anapambana mpikisano ndi m'bale wanga.
10.2 I saw that bird in our garden. Ndinaona mbalame ija m'munda wathu.
10.3 They told me that school starts tomorrow. Anandiwuza kuti sukulu imayamba mawa.
10.4 That red house belongs to my uncle. Nyumba yofiira ija ndi ya amalume anga.
10.5 She believes that hard work leads to success. Amakhulupirira kuti kugwira ntchito molimbika kumatsogolera ku kupambana.
10.6 Can you see that star in the sky? Kodi ukuona nyenyezi ija pa thambo?
10.7 The story that she wrote won a prize. Nkhani imene analemba inapambana mphotho.
10.8 Is that your new bicycle? Kodi iyo ndi njinga yako yatsopano?
10.9 They say that it will rain today. Amati kuti kuvumba mvula lero.
10.10 The food that my mother cooks is delicious. Chakudya chimene amai anga aphika ndi chokomera.
Gawo C (Ziganizo za Chingerezi Zokha)
10.1 The tall boy that won the race is my brother.
10.2 I saw that bird in our garden.
10.3 They told me that school starts tomorrow.
10.4 That red house belongs to my uncle.
10.5 She believes that hard work leads to success.
10.6 Can you see that star in the sky?
10.7 The story that she wrote won a prize.
10.8 Is that your new bicycle?
10.9 They say that it will rain today.
10.10 The food that my mother cooks is delicious.
Gawo D (Malingaliro a Grammar)
Kwa anthu amayankhula Chichewa, mawu oti "that" ali ndi matanthauzo ambiri:
Kusonyeza (Demonstrative):
Ngati "uja/ijo" kapena "uyo/iyo" mu Chichewa
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza zinthu zakutali
Mwachitsanzo: "that house" (nyumba ija)
Kulumikiza (Relative Pronoun):
Ngati "amene/imene/zimene" mu Chichewa
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza ziganizo ziwiri
Mwachitsanzo: "The boy that won" (mnyamata amene anapambana)
Kuwonetsa (Conjunction):
Ngati "kuti" mu Chichewa
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza maganizo kapena zonena
Mwachitsanzo: "She said that..." (Anati kuti...)
Kusiyana ndi Chichewa:
Mu Chingerezi, "that" sangasinthike malinga ndi gender
Mu Chichewa, timasankha pakati pa "amene/imene/zimene" malinga ndi mtundu wa mawu
Gawo E (Ndemanga ya Chikhalidwe)
M'chiyankhulo cha Chingerezi ndi Chichewa, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka "that" kamasiyana:
M'chikhalidwe cha Azungu:
Amagwiritsa ntchito "that" kawirikawiri
Amatha kuchotsa "that" m'ziganizo zina
Kulankhula kosalongosoka ndi kovomerezeka
M'chikhalidwe cha Achewa:
Timafunika kusonyeza mtundu wa mawu
Sitingathe kuchotsa mawu ngati "amene/kuti"
Kulankhula kuyenera kukhala kolongosoka
Kusiyana Kwakukulu:
Chingerezi chimakhala ndi mawu amodzi "that"
Chichewa chili ndi mawu osiyana-siyana
Zimathandauza kuti ophunzira ayenera kudziwa matanthauzo osiyana
Gawo F (Mawu a M'buku)
Gawo F-A (Mawu Olumikizana)
From "The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe" by C.S. Lewis:
Lucy Lucy thought anaganiza that kuti she iye had anali never osati been kutakhala in mu a ilo prettier chokongola place malo than kuposa that aja.
Gawo F-B (Kutanthauzira Kwathunthu)
"Lucy thought that she had never been in a prettier place than that."
Lucy anaganiza kuti sanakhalepo m'malo okongola kuposa aja.
Gawo F-C (Kusanthula Kwachilende)
Mawu amenewa akuchokera m'buku lotchuka la ana. Akusonyeza kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka "that" kawiri:
Ngati conjunction ("thought that")
Ngati demonstrative ("than that")
Gawo F-D (Zolemba za Grammar)
"thought that" ndi phrasal verb yofunika
"than that" ndi comparison yapamwamba
Onetsani kusiyana pakati pa matanthauzo awiriwa
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Gawo la Genre: Nkhani Yaifupi (Short Story)
Gawo A (Mawu ndi Chingerezi ndi Chichewa)
10.31 The ilo old yakale diary bukhu that limene she iye found anapeza in mu the lo attic chipinda chamwamba changed sinasinthe everything chilichonse
10.32 Maya Maya knew anadziwa that kuti the ilo secrets zinsinsi hidden zobisika within mkati would zikanatha surprise kudabwitsa many ambiri people anthu
10.33 That ilo morning m'mawa, she iye decided anachimika to ku read kuwerenga the ilo first yoyamba page tsamba
10.34 The ma words mawu that amene flowed anayenda across kudutsa the ma pages masamba told anafotokoza a ilo remarkable lodabwitsa story nkhani
10.35 Her wake grandmother agogo had anali written atalemba that kuti she iye was anali a m secret wachinsinsi healer sing'anga
10.36 That iyo revelation vumbulutso explained linafotokoza many zambiri mysterious zachinsinsi things zinthu
10.37 The ilo garden munda that umene always nthawi zonse bloomed umaphuka mysteriously mwachinsinsi made linapanga sense tanthauzo now tsopano
10.38 People anthu said anati that kuti her wake grandmother agogo had anali ndi special yapadera powers mphamvu
10.39 That icho knowledge chidziwitso now tsopano flowed chinayenda through kudutsa her wake veins mitsempha
10.40 She iye realized anazindikira that kuti the ilo diary bukhu was linali her lake inheritance cholowa
10.41 That iyo night usiku, Maya Maya began anayamba her wake own yake healing yachipatso journey ulendo
Gawo B (Ziganizo Zonse za Chingerezi ndi Kutanthauzira Kwake)
10.31 The old diary that she found in the attic changed everything. Bukhu lakale limene anapeza m'chipinda chamwamba linasintha chilichonse.
10.32 Maya knew that the secrets hidden within would surprise many people. Maya anadziwa kuti zinsinsi zobisika mkati zikanatha kudabwitsa anthu ambiri.
10.33 That morning, she decided to read the first page. M'mawa umenewo, anachimika kuwerenga tsamba loyamba.
10.34 The words that flowed across the pages told a remarkable story. Mawu amene anayenda kudutsa masamba anafotokoza nkhani yodabwitsa.
10.35 Her grandmother had written that she was a secret healer. Agogo ake anali atalemba kuti anali sing'anga wachinsinsi.
10.36 That revelation explained many mysterious things. Vumbulutso limenelo linafotokoza zinthu zambiri zachinsinsi.
10.37 The garden that always bloomed mysteriously made sense now. Munda umene nthawi zonse umaphuka mwachinsinsi tsopano unapanga tanthauzo.
10.38 People said that her grandmother had special powers. Anthu anati kuti agogo ake anali ndi mphamvu zapadera.
10.39 That knowledge now flowed through her veins. Chidziwitso chimenecho tsopano chinayenda kudutsa mitsempha yake.
10.40 She realized that the diary was her inheritance. Anazindikira kuti bukhu linali cholowa chake.
10.41 That night, Maya began her own healing journey. Usiku umenewo, Maya anayamba ulendo wake wachipatso.
Gawo C (Ziganizo za Chingerezi Zokha)
10.31 The old diary that she found in the attic changed everything.
10.32 Maya knew that the secrets hidden within would surprise many people.
10.33 That morning, she decided to read the first page.
10.34 The words that flowed across the pages told a remarkable story.
10.35 Her grandmother had written that she was a secret healer.
10.36 That revelation explained many mysterious things.
10.37 The garden that always bloomed mysteriously made sense now.
10.38 People said that her grandmother had special powers.
10.39 That knowledge now flowed through her veins.
10.40 She realized that the diary was her inheritance.
10.41 That night, Maya began her own healing journey.
Gawo D (Malingaliro a Grammar mu Nkhani)
Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka "that" mu nkhani:
Ngati relative pronoun: "the diary that she found" (bukhu limene anapeza)
Ngati conjunction: "knew that the secrets" (anadziwa kuti zinsinsi)
Ngati demonstrative: "that morning" (m'mawa umenewo)
Matanthauzo osiyana mu nkhani:
Kusonyeza nthawi: "that morning," "that night" (m'mawa umenewo, usiku umenewo)
Kulumikiza zochitika: "the words that flowed" (mawu amene anayenda)
Kufotokoza maganizo: "realized that the diary" (anazindikira kuti bukhu)
Kusiyana ndi Chichewa:
Mu Chingerezi, "that" amatha kugwira ntchito zambiri
Mu Chichewa timagwiritsa ntchito mawu osiyana: umene, kuti, amenewo
Kayendetsedwe ka nkhani kamasiyana pakati pa zilankhulo ziwirizi
Malumikizidwe a Ziganizo:
Chingerezi chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito "that" mobwerezabwereza
Chichewa chimafuna kusintha mawu pafupipafupi
Zimathandiza kupanga nkhani yomveka bwino
Kumasulira Bwino:
Zindikirani matanthauzo osiyana a "that"
Sankhani mawu oyenera mu Chichewa
Onesetsani kuti nkhani ikuyenda bwino
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